Allah informs us
that when it is said to those liars,
[مَّاذَآ
أَنزَلَ رَبُّكُمْ قَالُواْ]
("What is it
that your Lord has revealed'' They say,) not wanting to answer,
[أَسَـطِيرُ
الاٌّوَّلِينَ]
("Tales of the
men of old!'') meaning nothing is revealed to him, what he is reciting to us is
just tales of the men of old, taken from the previous Books. As Allah says,
[وَقَالُواْ
أَسَـطِيرُ الاٌّوَّلِينَ اكْتَتَبَهَا فَهِىَ تُمْلَى عَلَيْهِ بُكْرَةً
وَأَصِيلاً ]
(And they say:
"Tales of the ancients, which he has written down, and they are dictated
to him morning and afternoon.'') (25:5) i.e., they tell lies against the
Messenger and say things contradicting one another, but all of it is false, as
Allah says,
[انْظُرْ
كَيْفَ ضَرَبُواْ لَكَ الاٌّمْثَالَ فَضَلُّواْ فَلاَ يَسْتَطِيعْونَ سَبِيلاً
]
(Look at the
parables they make of you, so they have gone astray, and they are not able to
find the right way.)(17:48) Once they have gone beyond the bounds of the truth,
whatever they say will be in error. They used to say that he (the Prophet ) was
a sorcerer, a poet, a soothsayer, or a madman, then they settled on an idea
proposed by their leader, an individual known as Al-Walid bin Al-Mughirah
Al-Makhzumi, when:
[إِنَّهُ
فَكَّرَ وَقَدَّرَ - فَقُتِلَ كَيْفَ قَدَّرَ - ثُمَّ قُتِلَ كَيْفَ قَدَّرَ -
ثُمَّ نَظَرَ - ثُمَّ عَبَسَ وَبَسَرَ - ثُمَّ أَدْبَرَ وَاسْتَكْبَرَ - فَقَالَ
إِنْ هَـذَآ إِلاَّ سِحْرٌ يُؤْثَرُ ]
(He thought, and
plotted. So let him be cursed, how he plotted! And once more let him be cursed,
how he plotted! Then he thought. Then he frowned and he looked in a bad
tempered way; then he turned back, and was proud. Then he said: "This is
nothing but the magic of old.'') (74:18-24) meaning something that had been
transmitted and passed down. So they dispersed having agreed on this opinion,
may Allah punish them.
[لِيَحْمِلُواْ
أَوْزَارَهُمْ كَامِلَةً يَوْمَ الْقِيَـمَةِ وَمِنْ أَوْزَارِ الَّذِينَ
يُضِلُّونَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ]
(They will bear
their own burdens in full on the Day of Resurrection, and also of the burdens
of those whom they misled without knowledge.) meaning, `We decreed that they
would say that, so they will carry the burden of their own sins and some of the
burden of those who followed them and agreed with them,' i.e., they will be
held guilty not only for going astray themselves, but also for tempting others
and having them follow them. As it says in a Hadith:
«مَنْ دَعَا
إِلَى هُدًى كَانَ لَهُ مِنَ الْأَجْرِ مِثْلُ أُجُورِ مَنِ اتَّبَعَهُ، لَا
يَنْقُصُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ أُجُورِهِمْ شَيْئًا، وَمَنْ دَعَا إِلَى ضَلَالَةٍ كَانَ
عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْإِثْمِ مِثْلُ آثَامِ مَنِ اتَّبَعَهُ، لَا يَنْقُصُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ
آثَامِهِمْ شَيْئًا»
(Whoever invites
people to guidance, he will receive a reward like that of those who follow him,
without diminishing their reward in the least. And whoever invites people to
misguidance, he will bear a burden of sin like that of those who follow him,
without diminishing their burden in the least.) Allah says;
[وَلَيَحْمِلُنَّ
أَثْقَالَهُمْ وَأَثْقَالاً مَّعَ أَثْقَالِهِمْ وَلَيُسْـَلُنَّ يَوْمَ
الْقِيَـمَةِ عَمَّا كَانُواْ يَفْتَرُونَ ]
(They shall bear
their own loads, and other loads besides their own; and they shall be
questioned about their false allegations on the Day of Resurrection.) (29:13)
Al-`Awfi reported from Ibn `Abbas that it is like the Ayah:
[لِيَحْمِلُواْ
أَوْزَارَهُمْ كَامِلَةً يَوْمَ الْقِيَـمَةِ وَمِنْ أَوْزَارِ الَّذِينَ
يُضِلُّونَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ]
(That they may bear
their own burdens in full on the Day of Resurrection, and also of the burdens
of those whom they misled without knowledge.) (16:25) Allah says,
[وَلَيَحْمِلُنَّ
أَثْقَالَهُمْ وَأَثْقَالاً مَّعَ أَثْقَالِهِمْ]
(They shall bear
their own loads, and other loads besides their own) (29:13). Mujahid said:
"They will bear the burden of their own sins, and they will bear the sins
of those who obeyed them, but that will not lessen the punishment of those who
obeyed them at all.''
[قَدْ مَكَرَ
الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ فَأَتَى اللَّهُ بُنْيَـنَهُمْ مِّنَ الْقَوَاعِدِ
فَخَرَّ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّقْفُ مِن فَوْقِهِمْ وَأَتَـهُمُ الْعَذَابُ مِنْ حَيْثُ
لاَ يَشْعُرُونَ - ثُمَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيَـمَةِ يُخْزِيهِمْ وَيَقُولُ أَيْنَ
شُرَكَآئِىَ الَّذِينَ كُنتُمْ تُشَـقُّونَ فِيهِمْ قَالَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ
الْعِلْمَ إِنَّ الْخِزْىَ الْيَوْمَ وَالْسُّوءَ عَلَى الْكَـفِرِينَ
]
(26. Those before
them indeed plotted, but Allah struck at the foundation of their building, the
roof fell down upon them from above them, and the torment overtook them from
directions they did not perceive.) (27. Then, on the Day of Resurrection, He
will disgrace them and will say: "Where are My (so-called) partners, those
over which you caused so much discord'' Those who have been given the knowledge
will say: "Indeed it is a Day of disgrace and misery for the
disbelievers.'')
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